One of the more prevalent types of urinary incontinence, especially common among women, is stress incontinence. It occurs as a result of a weak sphincter muscle, which is the muscle located at the base of the bladder. Stress incontinence can be caused by pregnancy, childbirth and age among other things. Frequently the answer to managing stress incontinence is to use Kegel exercises to build up the pelvic floor muscles, which support the bladder.
Traditionally, surgery has not been the ‘go to’ option for stress incontinence. However, it looks as though that might be changing. While the process is still new, and there are no long term data documenting its effectiveness, a simple, surgical option may be the answer to curing stress incontinence. Using a local anesthesia, a biopsy is taken from the patient’s bicep. The cells from the biopsy, which are new muscle cells, myoblasts, and connective tissue cells, fibroblasts, are cultured in a lab using a new, patented technique. These stem cells are grown for six weeks and produce 50 million of each cell type.
After six weeks the cells are injected into the weak sphincter muscle and the urethra building up muscle tone and volume preventing stress incontinence. This procedure is done with a 3D ultrasound to ensure that the stem cells are injected correctly in contact with the urethra and sphincter muscles guaranteeing that the stem cells replicate the right kind of tissue. These stem cells are amazing in that they stay where they are injected and form new muscle tissue very quickly. Then when the muscle mass reaches its proper size, the cells stop growing on their own. Stem cells are the master cells in the body, and they can grow into tissue from any part of the body. Located throughout the tissues of the body, stem cells sit and wait until they are needed to help fight disease and injury.
The study, led by radiologist Dr. Ferdinand Frauscher, was conducted in 2004 at the Medical University of Innsbruck in Austria, so the process is still very new. Long term data are still not available, however, results to date are promising. One year after completing the procedure 18 out of 20 patients were content with their results. After a three year follow up, there are no severe side effects, and the success rate remains unchanged. Annual investigations and assessments of the patients continue, and researchers remain optimistic that they have developed an effective treatment for stress incontinence with the added benefit that the treatment is generated from the patient’s own tissue.
Urinary incontinence is a big problem for women, and it is occurring in more and more men as well. This operation is simple and can be completed as an outpatient procedure in under twenty minutes. If the long term results are as good as researchers expect, then this could be a revolutionary breakthrough in the treatment of incontinence problems with the bladder, stress incontinence in particular.
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